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Non-flame-retardant metallic optical cable

Fiber and communications infrastructure knowledge brief Published 11 Oct 2020

Prepared for preliminary research by the ALFA PRO knowledge desk. Confirm optical interfaces, port or core capacity, electrical input and output, enclosure protection, thermal design and installation limits against current standards and product documentation.

Non-flame-retardant metallic optical cables are fiber optic cables with metal reinforcement that do not include flame-retardant materials, offering mechanical protection but limited fire safety.Overview

Non-flame-retardant metallic optical cables are designed primarily for mechanical strength and durability rather than fire resistance. They typically feature a metallic armor, such as steel tape or rods, surrounding the optical fibers to protect against crushing, rodent damage, or external impacts. Unlike flame-retardant or LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) cables, these cables do not prevent the spread of fire and may emit smoke or toxic gases if exposed to high temperatures.

Construction
  • Core: Singlemode or multimode optical fibers, often in loose tube or tight-buffered configurations.
  • Metallic Armor: Steel tape, corrugated steel, or aluminum layers provide mechanical protection.
  • Outer Jacket: Usually PVC or PE, which may not have flame-retardant additives.
  • Waterproofing: Some designs include water-blocking tapes or gels to prevent moisture ingress.
Applications

Non-flame-retardant metallic optical cables are suitable for environments where mechanical protection is critical but fire safety is not a primary concern:

  • Outdoor installations in trenches or direct burial where physical damage is likely.
  • Industrial areas with high mechanical stress but low fire risk.
  • Long-distance backbone networks where armored protection is needed. They are not recommended for indoor risers, tunnels, or areas with strict fire codes, as they lack flame-retardant properties and may not comply with standards like OFNR or B2ca.
Advantages
  • High mechanical strength: Resistant to crushing, bending, and rodent attacks.
  • Durability: Suitable for harsh outdoor environments.
  • Long-distance performance: Can support high-speed data transmission over extended runs.
Limitations
  • No fire protection: Can propagate flames and emit smoke or toxic gases.
  • Indoor restrictions: Often prohibited in commercial buildings or public spaces due to fire codes.
  • Heavier and less flexible: Metallic armor adds weight and reduces flexibility compared to non-metallic cables.
Comparison with Flame-Retardant CablesFeatureNon-Flame-Retardant MetallicFlame-Retardant / Non-MetallicFire SafetyLowHigh (LSZH, OFNR, B2ca)Mechanical ProtectionHighModerateIndoor UseLimitedSuitable for risers, ducts, and tunnelsWeightHeavyLighterCostModerateOften higher due to fire-resistant materials

In summary, non-flame-retardant metallic optical cables are ideal for outdoor or industrial applications where mechanical protection is essential, but they should be avoided in areas with fire safety requirements. For installations requiring both mechanical strength and fire resistance, armored flame-retardant or LSZH cables are recommended ( ).

Non-flame-retardant metallic optical cable - ALFA PRO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (Pty) Ltd [PDF]

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Technical note

This reference is intended for preliminary fiber and communications infrastructure research. Optical interface, fiber type, port or core capacity, electrical input and output, enclosure protection, cooling, installation limits and applicable standards must be verified for the specific project.

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