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Central Asian Five Countries Join Transparent Optical Cable 2 Cores

The Central Asian nations are collaborating on the Trans-Caspian fiber-optic cable, a 2-core submarine system linking Europe and Asia to enhance digital connectivity and reduce reliance on Russian networks.Project Overview

The initiative, part of the Digital Silk Way project led by NEQSOL Holding and implemented through AzerTelecom, aims to establish a high-capacity fiber-optic corridor connecting Europe with Central and South Asia . The first phase involves laying a 380-kilometer submarine cable along the Caspian Sea seabed between Sumgait, Azerbaijan, and Aktau, Kazakhstan, with a transmission capacity of up to 400 terabits per second . The cable is designed with two cores, providing redundancy and high-speed data transfer for regional and international traffic.

Participating Countries

The project primarily involves Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and potentially other Central Asian states, forming a digital corridor that bypasses traditional Russian-controlled internet routes . Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are particularly motivated to reduce digital dependence on Russia, while Azerbaijan serves as a regional hub for the cable network .

Technical and Strategic Significance
  • Marine Surveys and Construction: Specialized vessels are conducting seabed mapping, depth analysis, and environmental assessments to ensure safe and efficient cable deployment .
  • High-Speed Connectivity: The cable will enable low-latency, high-capacity data transmission between Europe and Asia, supporting economic modernization, digital services, and regional development .
  • Digital Independence: By creating alternative routes, Central Asian countries can secure communications, attract global tech partnerships, and reduce reliance on Russian-controlled networks .
  • Economic Impact: The project is expected to generate multi-billion-dollar benefits by facilitating trade, cloud services, and digital infrastructure growth .
Timeline and Implementation

Construction is scheduled for completion by the end of 2026, with ongoing pre-engineering studies, desktop analyses, and supervision contracts already in place . The project is being executed collaboratively by AzerTelecom and Kazakhtelecom, with technical support from consulting firms like Pioneer Consulting .

Broader Implications

The Trans-Caspian fiber-optic cable is a cornerstone of the Digital Silk Way, positioning the Caspian Sea as a critical hub in global digital infrastructure. It strengthens regional cooperation, enhances connectivity for Central Asian nations, and provides a strategic alternative to existing internet routes dominated by Russia or China . This 2-core optical cable represents a major step toward digital sovereignty, economic modernization, and integration into global digital networks for the Central Asian region.

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Technical note

This reference is intended for preliminary fiber and communications infrastructure research. Optical interface, fiber type, port or core capacity, electrical input and output, enclosure protection, cooling, installation limits and applicable standards must be verified for the specific project.

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